import traceback try: 1 / 0 except Exception: # 打印异常信息到标准错误 traceback.print_exc()

import traceback try: # 产生一个异常 open("non_existent_file.txt") except Exception as e: # 获取异常字符串 error_msg = traceback.format_exc() print("捕获到异常:") print(error_msg) # 可以记录到日志文件 with open("error.log", "a") as log_file: log_file.write(error_msg)

import traceback import sys def func_a(): func_b() def func_b(): try: func_c() except Exception: # 获取当前的堆栈帧 tb = sys.exc_info()[2] # 提取堆栈帧信息 stack_frames = traceback.extract_tb(tb) print("堆栈跟踪信息:") for frame in stack_frames: print(f"文件: {frame.filename}, 行号: {frame.lineno}, 函数: {frame.name}") print(f" 代码: {frame.line}") def func_c(): raise ValueError("示例错误") if __name__ == "__main__": func_a()

import traceback import sys def deep_function(): try: # 产生一个异常 x = 1 / 0 except Exception: # 获取异常信息 exc_type, exc_value, exc_tb = sys.exc_info() # 提取堆栈帧 tb_list = traceback.extract_tb(exc_tb) # 格式化堆栈帧 formatted_tb = traceback.format_list(tb_list) print("格式化后的堆栈跟踪:") for line in formatted_tb: print(line.strip()) def middle_function(): deep_function() def start(): middle_function() if __name__ == "__main__": start()

import traceback import sys try: # 嵌套函数调用 def inner(): raise TypeError("自定义错误类型") def outer(): inner() outer() except Exception: exc_type, exc_value, exc_tb = sys.exc_info() # 格式化完整异常信息 full_exception = traceback.format_exception(exc_type, exc_value, exc_tb) print("完整异常信息:") print(''.join(full_exception))

import traceback import sys def global_exception_handler(exc_type, exc_value, exc_traceback): """ 全局异常处理器 """ # 忽略KeyboardInterrupt以便控制台程序正常退出 if issubclass(exc_type, KeyboardInterrupt): sys.__excepthook__(exc_type, exc_value, exc_traceback) return # 格式化异常信息 error_msg = "".join(traceback.format_exception(exc_type, exc_value, exc_traceback)) # 在这里可以记录到文件、发送邮件等 with open("critical_errors.log", "a") as f: f.write("="*80 + "\n") f.write(f"未捕获异常: {exc_type.__name__}\n") f.write(f"发生时间: {datetime.now()}\n") f.write("-"*80 + "\n") f.write(error_msg) f.write("\n" + "="*80 + "\n\n") # 也可以在控制台输出 print(f"发生严重错误: {exc_value}", file=sys.stderr) # 设置全局异常处理器 sys.excepthook = global_exception_handler # 测试异常 def cause_error(): raise RuntimeError("这是一个未捕获的异常") if __name__ == "__main__": cause_error()